無(wu)功補償(chang)指在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)中起提高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)功率因數的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，降低供電(dian)(dian)(dian)變壓器(qi)(qi)及輸送線路的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗，提高(gao)(gao)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率，改善(shan)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)環境。所以(yi)(yi)智能通訊(xun)型無(wu)功補償(chang)控制器(qi)(qi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)中處在一(yi)個(ge)不可(ke)缺少(shao)的(de)(de)(de)非常(chang)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)(zhi)。合理的(de)(de)(de)選擇補償(chang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)做到(dao)大限度的(de)(de)(de)減少(shao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)質(zhi)量(liang)提高(gao)(gao)。反之，如選擇或使用(yong)不當，可(ke)能造(zao)成供電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波動，諧(xie)波增大等諸多因素。智能通訊(xun)型無(wu)功補償(chang)控制器(qi)(qi)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)分為(wei)串聯補償(chang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)和(he)并聯補償(chang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)兩大類，也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)分為(wei)有(you)源和(he)無(wu)源補償(chang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)。有(you)源補償(chang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)是一(yi)個(ge)用(yong)反饋系(xi)統(tong)調節電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓或其他變量(liang)。

　　智能通訊型無(wu)功補償控制(zhi)器故障分類(lei)

　　1、過電壓

　　過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)的危(wei)害(hai)極大。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)的壽命與過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的時(shi)間(jian)、過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的幅值、過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的次數有密切的關系。特別是(shi)長時(shi)間(jian)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)發熱(re)，從(cong)而加速絕(jue)緣老化。所(suo)以當電(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)超過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)1.1倍(bei)時(shi)，應(ying)將其退(tui)出運行。

　　2、過電流

　　當電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)電(dian)流(liu)超(chao)過(guo)1.3倍額定(ding)電(dian)流(liu)或三相不平衡(heng)電(dian)流(liu)超(chao)過(guo)5％時(shi)，應將其退出運行。因為(wei)電(dian)流(liu)過(guo)大，將造成電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)的燒(shao)壞事故。

　　3、滲漏油(you)

　　電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)是全密封設備(bei)，密封不嚴則空氣、水分(fen)以(yi)及雜質都可能進入(ru)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)內部。當電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)發生滲漏油時，則應減(jian)輕負載(zai)或(huo)降低周圍環境溫度(du)，但(dan)不宜長期(qi)運行(xing)。若發現電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)嚴重(zhong)滲漏油，則應盡快(kuai)將其(qi)停用(yong)。

　　4、鼓(gu)肚變形(xing)

　　運(yun)(yun)行中電(dian)容(rong)器油(you)箱(xiang)內部(bu)發生(sheng)故障時，絕緣油(you)被電(dian)弧(hu)的高(gao)溫分(fen)解，產(chan)生(sheng)大量的氣體，會使油(you)箱(xiang)鼓肚(du)變形。出現這種(zhong)情(qing)況時，應立即將其退出運(yun)(yun)行并更換備用(yong)品(pin)。

　　5、電(dian)容(rong)器斷路器自(zi)動跳閘

　　斷路(lu)器(qi)(qi)跳(tiao)(tiao)閘后不得強送，此時首(shou)先(xian)應檢(jian)查(cha)保(bao)護動作的情況及有(you)(you)關一次回路(lu)，如檢(jian)查(cha)電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)無爆炸、鼓肚、噴油。并對電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)的斷路(lu)器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)流互感(gan)器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)壓(ya)互感(gan)器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)等進行檢(jian)查(cha)，判斷故障(zhang)性(xing)質。如無上述情況，而是由于(yu)外(wai)部故障(zhang)造成(cheng)母線電(dian)壓(ya)波動而使斷路(lu)器(qi)(qi)跳(tiao)(tiao)閘，經15min后允許進行試(shi)(shi)合閘。未查(cha)明原因之前不得試(shi)(shi)送。

　　智能通訊型無功補償控制(zhi)器(qi)故障處(chu)理(li)

　　成套智能通(tong)訊(xun)型無功補(bu)償控(kong)制器保護功能齊全，繼電(dian)保護動作后同時(shi)發出音響信號(hao)，故(gu)障排除如下(xia)：

　　1、過流信(xin)號動作，停電檢查噴逐(zhu)式(shi)熔(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)有(you)無(wu)斷(duan)落(luo)，電容器(qi)、電抗器(qi)有(you)無(wu)滲油、鼓肚、燒(shao)焦等現象(xiang)，并測量好壞并作必要調換(huan)，確認無(wu)誤(wu)再送電。

　　2、零序(xu)信號動(dong)作(zuo)，這是由于三相電(dian)(dian)壓不平(ping)衡(heng)造成，檢查(cha)有無斷(duan)相或某相熔(rong)斷(duan)器熔(rong)斷(duan)脫(tuo)落，作(zuo)必(bi)要調(diao)換(huan)，恢復后送(song)電(dian)(dian)。

　　3、過電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)信號動作(zuo)，檢查系統(tong)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是否偏高，此(ci)時控制(zhi)器拒絕工作(zuo)，待(dai)系統(tong)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)恢復正(zheng)常時再送電(dian)(dian)：

低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)壓信(xin)號動作，系(xi)統(tong)電(dian)(dian)壓偏低(di)(di)或不正常時，補償柜(ju)(ju)投不上，低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)壓信(xin)號在總(zong)降(jiang)壓變(bian)柜(ju)(ju)上取。