在實際的電源系統中,大多數負載是異步電動機。等效電路可以看作是電阻和電感的串聯電路,電壓和電流之間的相位差大,功率因數低。浙江無功補償并聯后(hou),電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)的電(dian)(dian)流將抵消一部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)(dian)感電(dian)(dian)流,從而使電(dian)(dian)感電(dian)(dian)流減小,總電(dian)(dian)流相應(ying)減小,電(dian)(dian)壓和電(dian)(dian)流之間的相位差變小,從而提高(gao)了功(gong)率因(yin)數。
浙江電力無功補償是使用外部電流源來補(bu)償負載運行期間消耗的無功功率。提供此(ci)電流源的設(she)備(bei)將(jiang)成為無功功率補(bu)償設(she)備(bei)。常見的補(bu)償設(she)備(bei)是并聯功率電容器。
電力無功補償的(de)(de)保(bao)護功能(neng)包括:配電過(guo)壓(ya)(ya),欠壓(ya)(ya),失壓(ya)(ya)和缺相(xiang)保(bao)護; 電源輸入端子過(guo)熱(re)保(bao)護; 功率電容器相(xiang)過(guo)流段保(bao)護; 功率電容器主體內部(bu)的(de)(de)超溫部(bu)分保(bao)護等。
電力無功補償決不是無用功率,它的用處很大。電動機需要建立和維持旋轉磁場,使轉子轉動,從而帶動機械運動,電動機的轉子磁場就是靠從電源取得無功功率建立的。無功補償廠家變(bian)(bian)壓器也(ye)同樣需要無功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率(lv),才能使變(bian)(bian)壓器的一(yi)次線(xian)圈產生磁場,在(zai)二次線(xian)圈感應出(chu)電(dian)壓。因此,沒有無功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率(lv),電(dian)動機就不會轉(zhuan)動,變(bian)(bian)壓器也(ye)不能變(bian)(bian)壓,交流接觸器不會吸合。
通常情況下,電氣設備不僅需要從電源獲取有功功率,而且還需要從電源獲取電力無功補償。如(ru)果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中的無功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率供應超過(guo)需求,則(ze)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備將沒有足夠(gou)的無功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率來建立正常的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁場(chang),這(zhe)些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備將無法(fa)在額定條件下運行,并且電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備的端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓將下降,這(zhe)會影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備的正常運行。
浙江無功補償的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)是對無(wu)功功率(lv)(lv)進行補償,借(jie)助無(wu)功補償設(she)備提(ti)供必(bi)要的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)功功率(lv)(lv),以(yi)提(ti)高供電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)中電(dian)(dian)網和電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)(lv)因數,減(jian)少了(le)電(dian)(dian)源變壓器和輸電(dian)(dian)線路的(de)(de)(de)損耗,提(ti)高了(le)電(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)效率(lv)(lv),改(gai)善了(le)供電(dian)(dian)環境,提(ti)高了(le)電(dian)(dian)網質量(liang)。